What kinds of tests will my caregiver are doing for me?
Routine tests early in your pregnancy determine your blood type, immunity to rubella and test for various sexually transmitted diseases that can harm your unborn baby. If you're due for a pap test, this will also be done. Midway through your pregnancy you may have a glucose tolerance test to see if you may develop gestational diabetes. Depending on your age and family history, you will be asked whether you want genetic testing such as amniocentesis. You'll also probably have at least one ultrasound of your baby.
How do the Urine Drug Tests work?
The Urine Drug Test Device resembles a credit card in size and shape; you dip it into the urine sample and the results read as easily as a home pregnancy test. The device will indicate whether the urine was "negative" for the targeted drugs or "inconclusive", meaning the device reacted with something in the urine and further testing is required.
What drugs do the Urine Drug Tests detect?
The test devices could detect the 1 to 10 most commonly used drugs, including meth-amphetamine, ecstasy, amphetamine, cocaine, marijuana, and opiates.
Will I know if the urine is positive for drugs?
The purpose of the Urine Drug Test Device is to tell you immediately if the urine is drug free. If something in the urine reacts with the device, the test will indicate an "inconclusive" result; inconclusive samples need to be sent to the laboratory for further testing. The Urine Drug Test contains all the shipping materials necessary to forward the urine to the laboratory. The laboratory results will generally be available 5-7 days after you mail the specimen. When you call back for results, you will know which drug was detected in the urine.
Is it possible to fool the drug test?
There are ways to taint a urine specimen to render it either "negative" for drugs or "unsuitable for testing" on all screening tests. We have addressed the issue of adulteration in the instruction handbook, which you should read thoroughly before beginning the test. If the Urine device comes back negative, and you suspect the specimen has been altered or tainted, you can send it into the laboratory. If the urine is abnormal, the laboratory tests will most likely detect the problem and make note of it on the report. You can also take the initiative to give as little notice as possible before administering the test, thus reducing the chance the donor will have time to alter the urine.
How long do drugs stay in your system?
Each drug is cleared by the body at different rates. Any or all of the following contribute to the length of detection: the amount of drug taken, how frequently the person takes the drug, how the drug was taken (smoked, snorted or injected), the metabolic rate of the user, fluid intake and age of the user. A general guideline for detection is as follows:
DRUG MINIMUM DETECTION MAXIMUM DETECTION
Amphetamine 2-7 hours after use 2-4 days after use
Methamphetamine 2-7 hours after use 2-4 days after use
Cocaine metabolite 1.25-4 hours after use 2-3 days after use
Marijuana (THC) 6-18 hours after use Up to 28 days after use
depending on frequency
Phencyclidine (PCP) 7 hours after use 3-5 days after use
Opiates (codeine/morphine) 2.5 hours after use 2-3 days after use
What are the street names for drugs?
Answer: Although street names, or nicknames, or drugs change frequently, below is a list with commonly used slang terms:
Amphetamine Speed, amp, bennie,, black beauties, chalk
Phencyclidine (PCP) Angel dust, sherms, star dust, magic dust
Opiates (heroin) Horse, smack, hairy hombre, H, scag, jones
How does a home pregnancy test work?
When a fertilized egg is implanted in the uterus, the body produces a hormone called human Chorionic Gonadatropin (hCG), and it is the presence of this hormone that at-home pregnancy tests detect. A home pregnancy test is based on the presence of hCG (human chorionic gonadatropin) in the urine. If conception occurs, the body begins to produce hCG which is released into the blood and is responsible for stopping the menstrual period. It passes into the urine where its presence is most easily detected. The amount of pregnancy hormone increases as your pregnancy progresses. However, you can use an at-home pregnancy test as early as the first day of your missed period. To use the 1-Step Pregnancy Test, just hold the stick in your urine stream for five seconds. There is no need to use first morning urine. It's so convenient; you can use the test anytime of the day. Plus, the FIRST RESPONSEฎ 1-Step Pregnancy Test has an easy to use wide tip design and is a clear stick so that you can watch the test work and know that you performed it correctly.A positive result may appear in as soon as one minute. (Read the instructions for complete information on how to use the test.) One line means not pregnant, two lines means pregnant. If the result is positive you are probably pregnant. See your doctor to confirm a positive result. If the result is negative, but you still do not get your period within a few days, repeat the test. You may have tested too early or miscalculated the length of your cycle. If the test comes back negative and you still haven't gotten your period, consult your physician.
How accurate are at home pregnancy tests?
These test are highly accurate, some over 99% accurate, such as our Urine 1-Step Pregnancy Test. False positives are almost non-existent. A false negative is usually the result of taking the test too soon after conception
If my monthly cycles vary in length, how do I know when I should test?
These tests are designed to measure the amount of hCG present on the first day of the missed period or about 15 days after possible conception.
Can drinking alcohol or taking antibiotics affect the result of at home pregnancy tests?
The only substances that can affect the results of at-home pregnancy tests are medications containing the pregnancy hormone (hCG).
I think I may be pregnant. What should I do?
You should take a pregnancy test. You can also choose to go to a clinic, see your family doctor, or you can come to the Teen Health Centre.
What if my pregnancy test is positive?
If your pregnancy test is positive, you will have the opportunity to meet with a nurse to discuss all the options you have for the future of your pregnancy. In consultation with you, the nurse will make sure you receive the appropriate referrals (to see a doctor, a counselor, or a nutritionist). If you have any questions please call us.
I am pregnant. What can I do to take care of my baby and myself?
The first thing you need to do is contact your family doctor or the Teen Health Centre if you prefer, because you should start prenatal care as soon as possible this will ensure that you and your baby stay healthy throughout the pregnancy. It is very important that you do not smoke, drink, or take drugs they may harm the baby growing inside of you. If you do please stop! You may also want to consider going to prenatal classes to learn more about pregnancy, labor, delivery, and care of your new baby. You can find classes on your own, or you can join other teens at the Teen Health Centre. Call us for more information.
Do you think that the missed periods some women on combined pills experience is a concern?
Missed menstruation periods (amenorrhea) occur in a small percent of the cycles women have while using oral contraceptives. Missed menses may cause concern for the woman using pills, her clinician, or both. And some concern is warranted, because even if a woman takes her pills perfectly, one in one thousand women using pills perfectly for a year becomes pregnant.
Here are six things you as a clinician might do for a woman who misses a period or several periods while using combined pills:
1. The very first thing to do in talking to a woman about missed periods on pills is to find out if she has had very scanty periods or has noticed some blood on toilet tissue or her underwear. Often "I've had no period" really means "I had a very, very, very light period."
2. If she misses just one period and has missed no pills during the last cycle, tell her that she may get a pregnancy test if worried, but that pregnancy is very unlikely and that she may start her next package of pills right on schedule. Should she experience symptoms of pregnancy, she should return to you, of course. If she misses just one period and has missed birth control pills (and remember that approximately half of all women miss three or more pills per cycle), then you want to find out if she used a back-up contraceptive for the week following
3. the missed pills. If she has missed pills and has not used a back-up, the more pills she has missed, of course, the greater the chance that she could have become pregnant. In this case, perform a sensitive urine pregnancy test. If negative, you can have her start a new pack of pills on schedule OR return for a second pregnancy test in 2 weeks, using a backup contraceptive until then. You may want to provide your patient the algorithm on page 110 of A Personal Guide to Managing Contraception for Women and Men.
4. If she misses 2 periods, whether or not she has taken pills correctly, she should contact you, and you need to take a history and consider doing a sensitive pregnancy test. Fortunately, missing 2 consecutive periods on COCs is rare.
5. Some women miss periods a number of times on pills. The above steps may need to be repeated by a woman.
6. If a woman is repeatedly missing periods while on COCs, you may want to prescribe a pill with more estrogen as it is the estrogen in pills that causes endometrial proliferation.
Can you have sex and take a pregnancy test a couple days after or do you have to wait for the day you miss your period to know if you're pregnant or not?
The b-HCG hormone that is unique to pregnancy and is detected in home pregnancy tests only reaches detectable levels about the time that the next menstrual cycle is due to begin, therefore you need to wait until this time.
I had an HCG test done at the doctor's office and got a result from the diagnostics center on Wednesday. OVER 5. The nurse said the numbers to read by were still on the low side. She said either I was 2-3 weeks pregnant or the egg met the sperm. Am I pregnant? I am due Monday for my period and retesting on Wednesday. I really want some info on my results. Thanks.
HCG is released only after a fertilized egg has attached itself to the uterus wall. This happens about 8 days after fertilization, so in your case, if the fertilization was successful, then you have been producing HCG for only 4 to 6 days. This is not long enough to make a significant difference to your readings but could explain a reading of 5. If you have a level of above 25 within a few days after a missed period, then this would normally be seen as confirmation of an embedded egg. However, this is very early stages still and only when your period has been missed for at least a week can you have more confidence that a baby is due.
In Summary, for the moment, you MAY be pregnant but this will only be sure later. A little patience is required.
My doctor told me that a Vicks Inhaler can cause a positive drug test. Is this true?
One specific type of the Vicks Inhaler can cause an initial positive result. However, a properly reviewed result will result in an additional test called a d & l fractionation. The results of this additional test reveal to the Medical Review Officer an accurate indication of whether the result was caused by the use of this particular over-the-counter product. All positive results reported by STAT America have been reviewed and confirmed by one of our certified Medical Review Officers (MRO's).
One of my human resources employees brought me an article posted on the internet that listed the following products as effective in protecting drug abusers from testing positive: Clear Choice Herbal Detox Tea, Quick Tabs, Naturally Klean Herbal Tea, Test Pure, Test Clean, Ready-Clean, THC terminator drink, Detoxify Carbo Clean, and Quick Flush Capsules and Tea. Do these products really work?
None of these products interfere with assays, but because they are taken with large quantities of water, the urine may be somewhat diluted.
A friend of mine said she tested positive for marijuana but had only been around others that had smoked it. Is this possible?
Several studies indicate that a positive test result for marijuana conducted at a 50 ng/ml (or higher) cutoff level via immune-assay screening and confirmed by gc/ms confirmation is highly unlikely to be caused by passive inhalation alone.
I severely sprained my ankle and took a few of my husbands Tylenol 3 tablets with codeine to alleviate the pain. Is it true that I might test positive for drugs?
Codeine is an opiate metabolite and sufficient ingestion may cause a positive test for opiates. Under most circumstances, it is considered illicit use of drugs to ingest prescription medications originally prescribed for another individual.
My sister says that there are almost 100 legitimate prescription drugs that can cause a positive drug test. Is this true?
There are more than 100 prescription medications that can cause an initial positive drug result. Therefore, it is essential that all drug-screening programs include the services of a qualified Medical Review Officer to confirm the legitimate use of prescription drugs and to protect the individual rights of the donor. All positive results reported by STAT America have been reviewed and confirmed by one of our certified Medical Review Officers (MRO's).
I read that ibuprofen can cause a positive test for marijuana. Is this right?
At one time there were concerns that ibuprofen may, in some cases, cause a "false positive" test result for marijuana. The issue of cross-reactivity between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and marijuana is generally resolved in the scientific community.
I smoke marijuana once or twice a day. A friend told me that if I stopped smoking today I might still test positive two weeks from now. Is this true?
Marijuana metabolites are stored in the body's fat cells. "Chronic" users may test positive for several weeks after stopping use of marijuana. "Casual" users may test positive for one to three days from the day of last use.
Our company is thinking of testing for alcohol along with drugs. Can we have the laboratory test urine for both drugs and alcohol?
Yes, many laboratories have the ability to test for quantities of alcohol in urine. However, alcohol levels in urine are not reliable indicators of intoxication or even consumption. Therefore, we are not recommending testing for alcohol in the urine.
One of my friends told me she had to give a hair sample for a pre-employment drug test. Can a laboratory really test hair for drugs?
Hair testing for the presence of drugs is an emerging technology. Some testing facilities have had difficulties utilizing this technology with the same degree of accuracy as is typically obtained at most urinalysis laboratories. When conducted properly, this type of testing can reveal evidence of drug use over significantly longer time frame than is capable with urinalysis testing.
We were talking at lunch the other day and the question came up about our drug-testing program. What prevents someone from bringing persons urine to a collection facility in order to pass a test?
Outside of directly observed collections, there is no way to assure that specimens are absolutely that of the person acting as the donor. However several steps are routinely taken at collection facilities to significantly reduce the chance of this happening. STAT America directs all our collection facilities to monitor the temperature of the specimens to assure that the temperature of each specimen falls within the strict temperature ranges consistent with freshly discharged human urine.
I have heard that consuming lots of poppy seeds can cause a positive test for heroin. Is this true? I eat a poppy seed muffin everyday for breakfast, is it true that I might test positive for opiates?
Poppy seeds contain sufficient amounts of morphine to produce detectable concentrations of morphine and codeine in urine. But a test may be considered a positive for heroin, both legally and scientifically only if heroin, or its metabolite momoacetylmorphine (6-mam), is identified in the urine specimen. This result cannot be caused by consuming poppy seeds. This determination can only be made by a Medical Review Officer pursuant to an analysis by gc/ms for 6-mam or heroin.
How reliable are drug screens?
The rapid screen tests provide only a preliminary analytical test result. A more specific alternative chemical method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred method to confirm the results. This can be provided through our labs on line. Clinical consideration and professional judgment should be applied to any drug of abuse test result, particularly when preliminary positive results are used.
Are the rapid drug tests as accurate as GC/MS?
Our drug tests are qualitative, which means it only determines the presence of drugs at detection limits comparable to SAMHSA cut-off concentration. GC/MS, which costs more, quantifies the concentration of drugs in the sample. Given the purposes of most drug testing (pre-employment, post-accident, random) is to detect the presence of drug use and not determine the amounts ingested, our rapid drug test satisfies the needs of almost all Drug Screening Programs.
How can I get a GC/MS analysis?
By purchasing either a hair test or an oral fluid lab linked test. This is an additional service to the Oral Fluid Tests and can be ordered afterwards.
What is the shelf life of the on-site test devices?
Our test devices have a shelf life of 18 months from the date of manufacture. The expiration date of each Lot of devices is indicated on each individual foil pouch and can be used up until that date.
Do the results hold up in court?
Rapid Drug tests provide only a preliminary analytical test result. A more specific alternate chemical method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result- gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method. Any result taken to court, must be confirmed.
What are the screening cutoff concentrations?
The screening cutoff concentrations of our tests are consistent with those of SAMHSA. Those cutoff levels are as follows:
Amphetamines ..1000 ng/ml
Barbiturates .300 ng/ml
Benzodiazepines 300 ng/ml
Cannabis . . ..50 ng/ml
Cocaine 300 ng/ml
Methadone .. .300 ng/ml
Methamphetamines .. 1000 ng/ml
Opiates . ..2000 ng/ml
PCP ..25 ng/ml
Tricyclic Antidepressants ... ..1000 ng/ml
How long do drugs stay in the system?
Amphetamines .. 2-6 days
Barbiturates . ..3-8 days
Benzodiazepines 2-14 days
Cannabis 14-30 days
Cocaine ..2-5 days
Methadone ... ..2-8 days
Methamphetamines .. .2-6 days
Opiates 2-5 days
PCP . .3-8 days
Tricyclic Antidepressants .. .10 days
How accurate are your drug tests?
Laboratory test results for drugs of abuse have indicated greater than 97% accuracy when used according to the instructions.
1. However although these tests are highly accurate there is a possibility that false results may occur due to presence of interfering substances in urine. Use adulteration test if in doubt.
2. The test is a presumptive screening assay and is intended for determining a quantitative concentration level of intoxication.
3. Certain cough medications, anti-diarrhea preparations and other medications containing opiate derivatives may produce a positive result in chemical and immunological assays. Additionally some food compounds such as poppy seeds taken excess may produce positive results.
4. Adulterants such as bleach or other strong oxidizing agents when added to urine specimens may produce -erroneous test results, regardless of the analyzing method used. If adulteration is suspected, test the urine or obtain another urine specimen and retest.
5. These tests are intended for screening and not for diagnostic purposes.
Do not base medical diagnosis solely o these test results.
Is it possible to test positive for THC (marijuana) from exposure to second hand smoke?
Absolutely Not! Urine concentrations of THC above the cut-off sensitivity level of the test, or a positive result, is not possible by exposure to second hand smoke.
Will commonly used substances such as vitamins, penicillin, aspirin, caffeine and acetaminophen (Tylenol), affect the results?
No. Our tests are drug and drug metabolite specific. These commonly taken substances are chemically and structurally different after being metabolized by the body from the drugs being tested for and therefore, under most circumstances, not interfere with or compromise test results.
Are there any legal medications that can trigger positive results?
Yes. The most common problem is the pseudo ephedrine in many over-the-counter sinus and cold medications, which can cause a positive result for methamphetamine. Also a variety of pain killers can trigger a response to an "Opiate" test. A GC/MS confirmation as well as a MRO review is necessary to determine the source of the positive result. Some forms of the drugs we test for may be available legally under prescription as well.
What is the difference between Methamphetamine and Amphetamine?
A. Both amphetamine and methamphetamine are potent symphathominetic agents. Methamphetamine is the parent drug. It metabolizes into amphetamine in the body. Methamphetamine and/or amphetamine are excreted in the urine.
Which category covers Ecstasy?
Methamphetamines
Are Morphine, Opiates, and Heroin the same kind of drug?
Yes, they are all tested using the Opiates test. These drugs are from the same family of drugs.
How soon can I test?
It has been stated that tests of this sensitivity can detect a pregnancy as soon as 7 days past ovulation. But keep in mind that implantation must first take place before hCG is released. Implantation takes place between 6-12 days past ovulation with 7-9 days being the average. It is recommended to wait until at least 9-12 days past ovulation and even then there is a chance that you are testing too early and could still get a false negative. If you continue to get a negative result but feel that you could be pregnant, please consult your doctor.
Must I use first morning urine for the pregnancy test?
If you are testing early (prior to missing your period) it is definitely recommended that you use first morning urine. First morning urine contains the highest level of hCG because it is the most concentrated. If you do test later in the day it is a good idea to hold your urine for at least 3-4 hours prior to testing. Drinking too many fluids prior to testing can dilute your urine and is not suggested.
What does it mean if the test line is very light?
You will always see a control line but if the test line shows up very faint pink or purple within the 10-minute cutoff time, you should assume you are pregnant. You should contact your doctor for further testing right away. You can also re-test in two days and you will probably see a darker line.
Should I use first morning urine when using your ovulation test?
NO! The best time to test is around 2 p.m. but anytime between 10 a.m. and 8 p.m. is fine, first morning urine is not recommended. LH is synthesized in your body in the early morning and may not show up as well until later in the day.
What is hCG?
hCG is human chorionic Gonadatropin. It is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. Our home pregnancy tests are designed to detect hCG in urine. Having hCG present in your urine is indicative that you are pregnant, and the test will return positive.
What is the accuracy and sensitivity of your pregnancy and ovulation test kits?
Our tests are over 99% accurate when used properly and as directed.
Sensitivity of the tests is as follows:
Our tests have a shelf life of 18 months from the date of manufacture. The expiration date of each Lot of devices is indicated on each individual foil pouch and can be used up until that date.
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